xmrchain.net & Explore.Moneroworld.com

(no javascript - no cookies - no web analytics trackers - no images - open sourced)

Solo mine on your own blockchain to support the monero network!

Monero Block Frequency Tool || Monero Website || Make Monero Better!

~~~~Monero Bounties~~~~

Monero Testnet Explorer || Monero Stagenet Explorer

i2p links: exchanged.i2p

Why so ugly? Monero FAQ

Moneroblocks Explorer || Monerohash explorer || Map of Monero Network

For a pretty version of this explorer with javascript. NOTE - this doesn't work when I turn the API off. I AM IN CONTROL OF THE DRUM MACHINE.

Don't use the API

NOTE: This explorer actively tests beta software in production. If it crashes, hooray! We found a bug! Please find a backup explorer for these instances.

The most up to date software for Monero are version: CLI v0.18.3.4, GUI v0.18.3.4

If you need to use a remote node, you should set up your own.

High Fee Bug. Remote nodes can increase your tx fees. Double check before sending. Run your own node.

Autorefresh is OFF

Tx hash: 561f73c39a2b8a2aa99ad0ccc8b34b0ac40fb03813b37a03a817b9f7a17f4602

Tx prefix hash: 4776411c85de2cbe14e6f2aa79dbaeb9e913a4df65a45720325541ac7a495384
Tx public key: 9c9b9a7a25f4467e5cada00f1b06b36a9a9aa8051ef55f22b26624a24a89da7c
Payment id (encrypted): e5f311771ab02a3d
Timestamp: 1633232925 Timestamp [UTC]: 2021-10-03 03:48:45 Age [y:d:h:m:s]: 03:109:10:24:02
Block: 2462612 Fee (per_kB): 0.000047720000 (0.000008760359) Tx size: 5.4473 kB
Tx version: 2 No of confirmations: 866145 RingCT/type: yes/5
Extra: 019c9b9a7a25f4467e5cada00f1b06b36a9a9aa8051ef55f22b26624a24a89da7c020901e5f311771ab02a3d

2 output(s) for total of ? xmr

stealth address amount amount idx tag
00: 0630df2ca32c1104186d58fe5ee984bf55c2bb5ec85ae74eb8c129d58ab8e185 ? 40025135 of 123931713 -
01: 61c50a38a7400bce80ca94ef7ece8c896840fdd6f2521fd03cc86c75f804a23c ? 40025136 of 123931713 -

Check which outputs belong to given Monero address/subaddress and viewkey

For RingCT transactions, outputs' amounts are also decoded
Note: address/subaddress and viewkey are sent to the server, as the calculations are done on the server side



Prove to someone that you have sent them Monero in this transaction

Tx private key can be obtained using get_tx_key command in monero-wallet-cli command line tool
Note: address/subaddress and tx private key are sent to the server, as the calculations are done on the server side



Inputs' ring size time scale (from 2019-04-03 12:02:15 till 2021-10-03 03:25:23; resolution: 5.37 days)

  • |_______________________________________________________________________________________*_______________________________________________________________________________***|
  • |______________________________________________________________________*__________________________________________*________________________________________*_________*___**|
  • |_*_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*____*__***|
  • |_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*_***|
  • |__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*_**__**|
  • |_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________***|
  • |________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*_______*______________***|
  • |________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*_____*_**|
  • |_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________**_________**|

9 input(s) for total of ? xmr

key image 00: afaaefdd22cacdabe57a4b1cc3d91926ce678dc08d8fb035a6f76426c05ea240 amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: d921df066066fdd119ed17fad31388ca0bbb54f9a0b8d86da4e7285aac9a7de0 02142481 11 2/2 2020-07-15 03:04:08 04:189:11:08:39
- 01: 766684a95e7fa11f06a469e33749de05898bfd55f19720a76f4ac0a33715f9f1 02451889 11 1/2 2021-09-18 05:41:55 03:124:08:30:52
- 02: 3012ac1110e4e7b6a118358d17b209384e324763add053000fed86d95179d808 02456243 11 7/16 2021-09-24 07:33:06 03:118:06:39:41
- 03: ffeb87ccf4b18b2e3f1e73d1a14a28500beeeaffe4032c0a2d2959be31c6cc9c 02457904 11 1/2 2021-09-26 14:52:10 03:115:23:20:37
- 04: 314293ef8cb10715913d29a7c4731c7f521e3c92ea2973558cb5b7fd418b7f68 02458566 0 0/1 2021-09-27 13:27:10 03:115:00:45:37
- 05: 5a7bedadaa133ae66cb3355a0ef211fe506aba99088c478428273fb20ace368c 02461592 0 0/1 2021-10-01 17:56:27 03:110:20:16:20
- 06: 71bd3e683852df7e90a3b4ea1f43eef934cdad6005e02b74145f8fc56bd818f8 02462174 11 2/2 2021-10-02 13:40:21 03:110:00:32:26
- 07: 5418ecd0388e534b086d9fbdab17b40f55a9a5e4f80a1012b34a70bd3a0182f5 02462249 11 2/2 2021-10-02 16:07:02 03:109:22:05:45
- 08: 106553bd6715cf2a602aceedef7434504e7547e52c6acab68f4490d073f8160c 02462352 11 194/2 2021-10-02 19:20:45 03:109:18:52:02
- 09: 5d0b62994120cce3fd42f5b3dfb960361e6cd8b318386c6f22d4fbe527362187 02462356 11 2/2 2021-10-02 19:28:59 03:109:18:43:48
- 10: 54a30a4e5fcf8db7a5521070e76390d2c6dfdfcc441a98852985352c57589870 02462569 11 1/2 2021-10-03 02:03:46 03:109:12:09:01
key image 01: 94d74f288499e83f6252a00f708a6b87b4f20d57c052231435a193b412def400 amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: 85cc8d66f1f8b5c8c49b0dde60d8a59b8e0232ab6001af283a8038af2a198cba 02076332 0 0/1 2020-04-14 04:56:06 04:281:09:16:41
- 01: 4ee41dd0b8307134528fd36b7c55b6cd7577c07daabd7fe508337fe436806bc2 02243340 11 1/2 2020-12-02 12:17:56 04:049:01:54:51
- 02: 575ad5c85a65cb21e6d6a0c804c138d69aa2ef8370ed2f7c6483a573ebd6f621 02402353 11 1/2 2021-07-11 08:27:40 03:193:05:45:07
- 03: 936ae77315de941be617bb2f83a2b060accde56125888b2f50e8c7d891fe8078 02441786 11 2/2 2021-09-04 04:03:51 03:138:10:08:56
- 04: 5a5b73dc4bd870780ec6f1cf57d2a24e2c280ce3bb47faf8f95976bab45fd171 02458191 11 1/4 2021-09-26 23:24:26 03:115:14:48:21
- 05: 16247bdeb8c5abdd01a8c229c90e9f459854b84291072f3447b9b28ddbcae2de 02460170 11 2/2 2021-09-29 18:21:07 03:112:19:51:40
- 06: 39f96aa32f5f9ec5b65301ac4b8d983a3ef819a375c389436ac7c2213b6a99ba 02460428 11 2/16 2021-09-30 03:24:43 03:112:10:48:04
- 07: f2a8aafe6cb1f97f4942b03c447903cbd66ef58d20ca6343c6d4f3e6db4a792c 02461079 11 1/3 2021-10-01 01:38:55 03:111:12:33:52
- 08: 0c7000a62161e2060eccb283228804c878e4c3a8816caa0f17869b51e0b82a78 02461335 11 2/2 2021-10-01 09:46:18 03:111:04:26:29
- 09: 50e2359f72f37c5685cc30d0d06d3fa58ee2d6be820bc5005c7419a20aef3e87 02462362 11 2/2 2021-10-02 19:45:57 03:109:18:26:50
- 10: 70df631f2fa8c912bf76146eb157d9de6b78b44a9d164cf9a531b774bf5cd5fd 02462431 11 1/8 2021-10-02 21:54:42 03:109:16:18:05
key image 02: 916b0b7eaa0b032035c48d7829547cba1e24763ce239a8c573920afd83802fbc amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: 6ebfa1659c0af3f24d8911893d71aa1359a3703ae1a2713ebae9fde53ccd94f6 01804981 11 1/2 2019-04-03 13:02:15 05:293:01:10:32
- 01: c31ba30200914e95357bbfcb4226eac8de0ad48bfd03b338933d2cd013dc98bf 02421825 11 1/2 2021-08-07 11:26:19 03:166:02:46:28
- 02: 107bbfa5606bc3ed707a376a437c31cd2d3e8b55c214c43c1740e1ebb5dde8bf 02443024 11 1/2 2021-09-05 21:00:11 03:136:17:12:36
- 03: 8fa2ba1db9bf53938e3a3d39dfcdf84590f5e6b73b24e380d3cad04500f5d063 02454127 0 0/1 2021-09-21 09:09:12 03:121:05:03:35
- 04: 26f59040cecbdf1162e7b3a1ae7ae2c7c7535532ad134aa3f85d377f0910e9f5 02455828 11 2/2 2021-09-23 17:52:00 03:118:20:20:47
- 05: b12fc3851c3460a70164b381cbf6d3f4fc3b1de2ae0c51da9fe5d2c8c7eb91b2 02457957 11 8/2 2021-09-26 16:38:30 03:115:21:34:17
- 06: ba021a064a3c9e3a6c45be13d78f8ddd961fc1dfa8c8453bd6fbbf1496e139c2 02460280 11 2/3 2021-09-29 22:18:18 03:112:15:54:29
- 07: 9977b8e485632983fd9360a8f29a772b6f8e6803283e4bdf699fcb4bde113488 02461700 11 3/16 2021-10-01 20:45:12 03:110:17:27:35
- 08: 3b8bb90fcdad1ab4d1cd229f92f942683cd5a8ecb21a6e1e0e4bb619b7d4fef6 02462174 11 1/2 2021-10-02 13:40:21 03:110:00:32:26
- 09: f4e0ba5a33838270c513a35006eddae44d3f1752b4ed1b8df029c58ce97d017a 02462378 11 2/2 2021-10-02 20:19:56 03:109:17:52:51
- 10: a83ab1995aa1ed0b142942730d8ee0e83074744190ac24d3022bab8fdc682a35 02462455 11 194/2 2021-10-02 22:32:58 03:109:15:39:49
key image 03: 90a175662f59b34a12d94147af9ce9c81509c425991fc6b4db0e45d2c93d4b0a amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: 9831ae10adbca4cddaf30fa0197080e4688df203e4393e7c4b18a3ba0706c1f8 02445995 0 0/1 2021-09-10 01:40:43 03:132:12:32:04
- 01: 4fb791e13602e2e76ec0a097d57dbf67c40c733b36221c261f6634b9244a6ced 02450973 11 1/2 2021-09-16 23:54:17 03:125:14:18:30
- 02: 3bff52f5254c0bbab010e0e54d36963f744032eb2add1c0eb53c07b659fd6c66 02454469 11 4/16 2021-09-21 20:26:35 03:120:17:46:12
- 03: be214a35a5b331cfef936a9506b5909426abaf2b65afeaa1fad7c90a791ffb50 02457109 11 2/9 2021-09-25 12:15:30 03:117:01:57:17
- 04: d4cacd433d86bef5ca6df99c0c6b0e96a73451539dbebfb1f6bf6bdb477a62d7 02458567 11 3/2 2021-09-27 13:28:46 03:115:00:44:01
- 05: 4cc6a943100d53bc3990275b20594bcc11cef7e8ddcaf0eb50ccc7f028e57d97 02461110 11 1/2 2021-10-01 02:34:46 03:111:11:38:01
- 06: 45d3a7d2107925a94619ef5e8b3a43be03ce3b908f02334680f5485d254b5333 02462062 11 2/2 2021-10-02 09:29:02 03:110:04:43:45
- 07: 2573eade501891a8078869209f71d8f64176d5259220941d3b7a179796237d3f 02462400 11 2/16 2021-10-02 20:56:10 03:109:17:16:37
- 08: 80d21ee7e452b5896f75a7442c317b40b708292ded94e6e7739245f9e2cf910e 02462420 11 2/2 2021-10-02 21:37:17 03:109:16:35:30
- 09: 2d480044b52e6debf6d47ade3ca9ba8e830880b1dea504f35b59739643bce142 02462514 11 1/2 2021-10-03 00:12:45 03:109:14:00:02
- 10: 9fff28e6a171d855afb04e6d69fc49e1347cd45539aa35102abeb6d6142b2f9e 02462578 11 2/2 2021-10-03 02:19:53 03:109:11:52:54
key image 04: 88192b0168d547640c337a6c8bf240330f725865de3a47656d6456aacc3783d8 amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: bc496b70fe42953da9a5b968b4e90e9108f4b9c47423aca1e0833c82cb339ec6 02434277 11 2/2 2021-08-24 18:34:12 03:148:19:38:35
- 01: 4443a8fe7eb387fd221213ab398a0e80adea38e288f3a3f07b347c062c9d171c 02443055 11 1/16 2021-09-05 22:01:54 03:136:16:10:53
- 02: 62c249cdf425bffcd04e320aa6cdbbc4bd95be326b41c973e86347f5167048e2 02446900 11 1/11 2021-09-11 06:36:26 03:131:07:36:21
- 03: 4e0fd64481f0eef3e8049b4a202d441731219be7ad10624337f8a9778d3c352d 02457925 11 1/2 2021-09-26 15:37:50 03:115:22:34:57
- 04: b7630f745e9227836465345b517f36c1f91fce8fb90e6e6d0ca9f2c80d6c5d04 02458118 11 2/5 2021-09-26 21:15:10 03:115:16:57:37
- 05: 3039b424fec6ed8b7f7be2253e0b179bed8455b525923ed14f7a3fbe4a38edf5 02459244 11 4/16 2021-09-28 11:53:58 03:114:02:18:49
- 06: e4cd473067fb31400566bdeb149f803a9c1f9f55cc335a59fa1eb3bcf31bc668 02460091 11 2/2 2021-09-29 15:50:15 03:112:22:22:32
- 07: fdc7601404dcffab6adcf479ed66880489d2ae4d74d035ec226196884c53c9e2 02460787 11 1/2 2021-09-30 16:18:25 03:111:21:54:22
- 08: 3ef81c419c165481fc78b4adb545883d6578ddd08c537acd4f0ed8d046d583ee 02461044 11 2/2 2021-10-01 00:39:35 03:111:13:33:12
- 09: 58eaf4ffee639f52f84e2da27cda8ce981ffe7be62b0cb9bfa771268d2ffc73b 02461575 11 2/2 2021-10-01 17:25:09 03:110:20:47:38
- 10: 24cc7c9cbe99c0d786bcc1c10fe66ab55bcc8fb1e39633a82335b7362d89502f 02461738 11 2/2 2021-10-01 21:51:13 03:110:16:21:34
key image 05: 861bf7f45bb450c56dd04c427a1be017932d750143e1a7b654a6776865d801a6 amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: 054f1b42e8ffd295f20a19fb4811a325b9c788a0c11a1571960681ce516c9a27 02454077 11 11/2 2021-09-21 07:36:21 03:121:06:36:26
- 01: 3b6441c177047cb74d7e4ddffbb3a04373660395beadd7e8ee93ceb3fbb588f0 02455381 11 2/2 2021-09-23 01:31:20 03:119:12:41:27
- 02: 301f06dd8df7e6b991685b0ccc1188466c021e36d00b36283fdcb10ddfaae5b3 02457017 11 2/16 2021-09-25 09:12:46 03:117:05:00:01
- 03: f7fe2bb61016b10bed7c0ec5fde5c4b6c0279732946b219ff4cc6867e7d77945 02457146 11 1/2 2021-09-25 13:26:47 03:117:00:46:00
- 04: 5014aaf4fb6da2fb3b4687a9d14d3af9c061bab5ecb8080eb9688ba529a13cd1 02458619 11 1/2 2021-09-27 15:31:53 03:114:22:40:54
- 05: f3e687d0e6e59a36e29b1e08df4d81c2a267948539f3ac0c8a80eea53adbb20e 02459617 11 1/16 2021-09-28 23:58:05 03:113:14:14:42
- 06: a26dc3d594b8de553a432665ccec0d984b220b1d6d177fdd0bc20181f81ce784 02460263 11 2/2 2021-09-29 21:43:15 03:112:16:29:32
- 07: c1d146268b81476327badfff056fd162b687129be2623cfd520a871ddce03ca9 02462161 11 194/2 2021-10-02 12:53:58 03:110:01:18:49
- 08: 106553bd6715cf2a602aceedef7434504e7547e52c6acab68f4490d073f8160c 02462352 11 194/2 2021-10-02 19:20:45 03:109:18:52:02
- 09: dac3b5000b691ac640fda21dfde303f4173f5932a1716d758f5b003a2c25a23e 02462388 11 2/2 2021-10-02 20:30:24 03:109:17:42:23
- 10: 64899778d9381ab84c3fe6e104d0969c98e92094a2cf28bdd462aec1f1f8420e 02462580 11 1/2 2021-10-03 02:25:23 03:109:11:47:24
key image 06: 4a76defcab75c48d26ce3cc40a2004f6043b275968dc4856c585fb9f46ca3987 amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: e2eff8f24451ae196db9d2b1a96fab18ab303243154430e9f0f054353f3a4a19 02362723 11 1/2 2021-05-17 06:55:44 03:248:07:17:03
- 01: f206577896f0d8da0e7108668eedabb7032d82cc9fd6afd356244da50d1a2d8b 02392852 11 1/2 2021-06-28 05:27:21 03:206:08:45:26
- 02: ec8ff767916099c47e512baf94ab23d01a5c653263112ad75bd413f4246f8058 02452899 0 0/1 2021-09-19 16:23:36 03:122:21:49:11
- 03: 8ceb5a1c200869addc184f2caa2c509a03efe74e2a5098662a1925c881a3642a 02458029 11 2/16 2021-09-26 18:43:42 03:115:19:29:05
- 04: e0bbad7c4a24c82eea0f2f9e624037e908c5279400a4bab843497a8e9fd1a197 02460826 11 1/4 2021-09-30 17:33:04 03:111:20:39:43
- 05: bc425daa4bbcaedd1ee6464c1efe88221c8b3f18abfb95c8b95af733117d9f4f 02461293 11 2/2 2021-10-01 08:34:09 03:111:05:38:38
- 06: 307678c395eb19e9e36374892ea238448370c47ed19aa0923547739464153c7c 02461440 11 1/2 2021-10-01 13:26:22 03:111:00:46:25
- 07: 97c7e9c0674648e24c3984ea1737c6ed0ee11fd7555b43d29cca3cbc0a87a518 02462344 11 194/2 2021-10-02 19:08:20 03:109:19:04:27
- 08: 30e0d319d27d1311e2d4246cfb07ed87a6b6f742c8a90cd8c36fdb6265b33de9 02462370 11 2/16 2021-10-02 20:00:19 03:109:18:12:28
- 09: 48738fc31ebe323f04a7f86ef81a2be7954af1c86be48d2ce35debe8490db350 02462453 11 2/2 2021-10-02 22:31:09 03:109:15:41:38
- 10: 45eded9aedb39ad80f15eda736c8cf5751a0c80219e7c17932f76b93ccd6fb47 02462514 11 2/2 2021-10-03 00:12:45 03:109:14:00:02
key image 07: 3804ac60743f6ff8c51e08c1037598e5e19b533a3fc9ee09afccb655ce780785 amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: 564c1625562eb5211cd6951ae3d7da3dec146a31a4fed21a9366352356fff9c0 02426823 11 1/2 2021-08-14 10:45:32 03:159:03:27:15
- 01: fbe29ce43a3676d21f11c1735e51977714759004f6b205f17c5e54876aa6acce 02450653 0 0/1 2021-09-16 13:29:21 03:126:00:43:26
- 02: 1a68c2da64ebeb6a070d2c5b0d0138dee48373953283beb1bea0da4356342eca 02457115 11 5/16 2021-09-25 12:39:15 03:117:01:33:32
- 03: 8a73b72379c6d930dd8a903091061875972b8dfe1cd96534521d6a844a226575 02460164 11 1/2 2021-09-29 18:08:08 03:112:20:04:39
- 04: df2fd94d4831eec8c46493f55587ba105c132edd665176090622b214c4d63d0f 02460374 11 1/2 2021-09-30 01:20:00 03:112:12:52:47
- 05: 6a7dbf0a43de906e64796e18fa8a5a6ff5f8aabf9b1b6a2ff19dfd95458ed334 02461083 11 2/2 2021-10-01 01:41:15 03:111:12:31:32
- 06: 8515355aa62cc6ae23dc8d89e0f1f8ac3b444d3d28ecea09e1d40a70a5e0b83a 02461965 11 2/5 2021-10-02 05:35:08 03:110:08:37:39
- 07: c7c557307640d637107c24362af178511233b7e71c22b4c0fbc5b4ca4b01f8f2 02462187 11 1/2 2021-10-02 14:13:25 03:109:23:59:22
- 08: 3190008a7b75a20995258dbe84a491100ab2b0e4c307389d840c5b1c81285949 02462330 11 1/2 2021-10-02 18:52:17 03:109:19:20:30
- 09: 7bbf062211f629e81ad65b38c091604ff3731f7b75ecacea9e02c2b3de4c3515 02462483 11 194/2 2021-10-02 23:23:02 03:109:14:49:45
- 10: c95920fc9d3b7192944a0a904aa7e9207abb28c3a01246c7e403369eba908767 02462548 11 1/2 2021-10-03 01:12:23 03:109:13:00:24
key image 08: 102ae4516e0168ef18787c3069f92abeb2599cdae2fb584e324ddff63d7285c5 amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: f0c20738fb9c2045b7cc8677fc58bdeb6ae8a9df4d5bddbeafdc44923c42127e 02415389 11 2/2 2021-07-29 12:29:27 03:175:01:43:20
- 01: 9c12d7845650c5dcedee4475119891a11e17a8c1bd74369363f1768adab1fd0f 02418669 11 1/2 2021-08-03 01:41:54 03:170:12:30:53
- 02: b537beac24b564ae04b785863d0cbcb3f2b9e199f70d6c33292b2e1404919e66 02455380 11 2/14 2021-09-23 01:29:23 03:119:12:43:24
- 03: ca466842449fc18ac5ad27a1a07c87091a8159e37e65c29d7bcbda06c407afbd 02461361 11 2/2 2021-10-01 10:46:20 03:111:03:26:27
- 04: 4676ca9c60fa74cda1386c82094163b364e54294531d3a284ae8794732b0845b 02461590 11 1/2 2021-10-01 17:54:48 03:110:20:17:59
- 05: 4677d0159f627d0a032fdeae009391c7b7efc149fcd6cc5dab735bfc50c29bb3 02461660 0 0/1 2021-10-01 19:41:35 03:110:18:31:12
- 06: 4d43ec6747f4dfbdacb5b0e0079c0db5871cc739bd772eb89f9021df118e54e5 02462140 11 1/2 2021-10-02 12:09:05 03:110:02:03:42
- 07: 08a03d16d62cac71b61331d057e43dd8d8cbc5973c66916e4531a5af8cbff31c 02462145 11 1/2 2021-10-02 12:23:44 03:110:01:49:03
- 08: 3dbce54d01a38a898d22c4499c6ca6d69d8d1a52b2568c3a6737bd1f8aca3a44 02462321 0 0/1 2021-10-02 18:33:06 03:109:19:39:41
- 09: 8b78561aef42684bc4b2fd7d3119f2319e2bbbd5aee05cde91ba74ad497dff76 02462447 11 1/2 2021-10-02 22:24:56 03:109:15:47:51
- 10: b43e8cad869a54c4ccfa47e89e501209191d4efc4d1135d0696400ed8f044006 02462499 11 25/2 2021-10-02 23:46:48 03:109:14:25:59
More details
source code | explorer version (api): devel-2024-08-14-0c4ec39 (1.2)